NOTE: I came to class like 2 minutes late. So I didn't copy down the first slide completely. Also, if on something it has a '...' that means he switched slides before I got to write down the whole thing. So, these notes are probably 97% completed though.
Learning today:
History
Terminology
No-dictionary
A dictionary gives all known meaning of words
There was no governing body for medicine in antiquity
Therefore there was no collective movement to standardize medical terms
Yes-Glossaries
A glossary just gives the meaning of words as they apply to the work in which it references
Hippocratic texts written in 4&5 BC, people studied these texts, language changes a little bit as you go along
Galen’s Hippocratic Glossary
(Showed a picture of Galen’s Hippocratic glossary)
Talking about medicine in hippocratic texts
Ancient Medical Definitions
2nd and 3rd AD-Problemata(Questions thrown forward to get a response)
Not arraged alphabetically
Question and answer format
Memorization
What is the moisture that is in some part of the head?
The disease is called hydrocephalus because the moisture is in the head
How many are the types of hydrocephalus?
Four, scalp and pericranium, pericranium and skull, skull and meninges, meninges and the brain.
Things to pay attention to
Phonetic spelling ()
Etymology-[] (root where they come from)(this will not be tested upon) (Need to know core meanings)
Defintion-
Synonym-SYN (will be asked on the test)
Dictionary entry in Taber’s
Hydrocephalus SNY hydrencephalus
The accumulation of excessive amounts of cerebrospinal fliud within the ventricles of the brain, resulting from blockage or destruction of the normal channels for CSF drainage. Common causes include congenial lesions, traumatic leasions, neoplastic lesions, and infections such as meningoencephalitis. Sometimes the accumulated fluid leads to increased…
Dictionary entry in Stedman’s
Hydrocephalus
Pronunciation hi dro-sef’a-lus
Definition:
SNY Hydrocephaly
Dictionary entry in Stedman’s
Hydrencephalus…
Dictionary entry in Taber’s
Acromion [Gr. Akron, extremity,+omos, shoulder]
The lateral triangular projection of the spine of the scapula that forms the point…
Improving your vocabulary
Acro- extremity
Acrocephaly-deformity in the top most part of the head
Acrodynia-pain in the extremity(mercury poisoning)
Acromegaly-enlargement of the extremities
Acrophobia- fear of heights
Omo-shoulder, raw
Omoclavicular-shoulder and clavical
Omodynia- shoulder pain
Omohyoid-bone in the neck that looks like a U something between the shoulder and the hyoid
Omophagia- raw habit of people eating raw meat or raw vegitables
Inflection and Latin Nouns
Dura mater cerebrum involvit
The dura mater (Hard mother) envelops the cerebrum
Nominative-subject
Duram matrem disseca ut patefiant leptomeninges
Cut away the dura mater to that the leptomeninges are exposed
Accusative-object
Margo inferior durae matris sinum sagittalem inferiorem continent.
The inferior margin of the dura mater ontains the inferior sagittal sinus
Genitive-possessor
Declining a noun
Inflecting a noun, pronoun, or adjective is known as declining it. The affixes may express number, case, and/or gender. (NOTE: first singular, second plural)
Nominative (subject) Oculus Oculi
Accusative(object) Oculum Oculos
Genitive (prossessor) Oculi Oculorum
Dative (indirect object) oculo oculis
Ablative (var.) oculo oculis
Declensions
A declension is the patter of affixes that indicate a class of nouns
Nom. Adnexa oculus
Accus. Adnexae oculi
Gen. Adnexam Oculum
Dat. Adnexae oculo
Abl. Adnexa oculo
Adjective
Modifying adjectives agree with the noun in number, gender, and case
Flexor digitorum profundus (profundus (deep) singular)( deep flexor of the fingers)
Flexor digitorum profundorum (the flexor of the deep fingers)
Participles
Verbal Adjectives
Present active participles-ns-translated as ‘ing’
Vas deferens=’The leading away vessel’ or’ the vessel which leads away’
Perfect passive participles ‘tus’ or ‘tum’ translated ‘ed’
Ligamentum cruciatum ‘the crossed ligament’ or ‘the ligament which has been crossed’
Intussusception
Tion means process intus means within ssusscep receive
When one part of the colon goes inside the other part of the colon
Ens means active so it’s bringing the part into the other side
Tum passive part that has been pulled inside the other.
(singular)Plurals
Stigma stigmata
Deferens deferentes
Two or more latin terms
Oculus dexter- left eye
Adnexa oculi-accessory structures of the eye
Ad oculum-toward the eye
Anatomical
Hallux valgus-big toe that deviates outward
Quadrates lumborum-square muscle of the loins
Pathological
Myositis ossificans-muscle inflammation which makes bone
Polioencephalitis hemorrhagica-gray brain inflammation flow/rupture of blood
Biological
Yersinia pestis-cause of the bubonic plague
Rhus toxicodendron-flow/shrub poisonous tree (poison ivy)
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